Periodic Table Mein Atomic Radius: Ek Asaan Tarike Se Samajh

 

Periodic Table Mein Atomic Radius: Ek Asaan Tarike Se Samajh 

Atomic Radius Kya Hai?

Atomic radius ka matlab hota hai kisi atom ke nucleus se uske sabse door electron tak ki doori. Isse aap ek tarah se atom ke size ke roop mein bhi samajh sakte ho.

Ex. Agar atom ek football hai, to atomic radius us football ke centre se outer layer tak ki distance hai.

📉 Periodic Table Mein Radius Kaise Change Hota Hai?

1. Left to Right (Period mein):

Jaise jaise aap left se right jaate ho (e.g. Sodium → Chlorine), atomic radius kam hota hai.

Kyon? Kyunki electron same shell mein add hote hain, par protons badhne ki wajah se attraction badh jata hai → atom chhota ho jata hai.

2. Top to Bottom (Group mein):

Upar se niche jaate hue atomic radius badhta hai.

Kyon? Kyunki naye shells add ho rahe hote hain → atom bada lagta hai.

🔄 Atomic vs Ionic Radius vs Metallic Radius

Type Kya hota hai Example

Atomic Radius Neutral atom ka size Hydrogen

Ionic Radius Charged atom (ion) ka size Na⁺, Cl⁻

Metallic Radius 2 metal atoms ke nuclei ke beech ki half distance Iron (Fe)

> ⚠ Dhyan Do: Positive ion (cation) ka radius hamesha chhota hota hai aur negative ion (anion) ka bada.

🧠 Short Trick Yaad Rakhne Ki:

Period mein → Left to Right → Size Kam

Group mein → Top to Bottom → Size Zyada

🎯 JEE/NEET Ke Liye Important Points

Lithium ka radius Fluorine se bada hota hai.

K⁺ ka size K atom se chhota hota hai.

Radius ke questions mostly trend ya comparison par aate hain.

📝 Conclusion:

Atomic radius ek basic concept hai jo periodic table samajhne ka foundation banata hai. Agar aapko trend yaad ho gaya, toh aap easily JEE/NEET ke MCQs solve kar paoge.